配重(zhong)鐵是現代(dai)機(ji)械制造工(gong)業的基礎工(gong)藝之(zhi)一，是用于(yu)增(zeng)加自身(shen)重(zhong)量(liang)來保持平衡的重(zhong)物(wu)，是將噴丸機(ji)熔煉成符合   要求的液(ye)體并澆進(jin)鑄型里，經冷卻凝固(gu)、清整處(chu)理后有預定形(xing)狀、尺(chi)寸和性(xing)能的鑄件的工(gong)藝過程。

配(pei)重(zhong)鐵分(fen)為重(zhong)工(gong)業配(pei)重(zhong)鐵和輕工(gong)業配(pei)重(zhong)鐵：

重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)工業配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)(tie)(tie)一(yi)般(ban)按(an)造型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)方法來分(fen)類(lei)，習慣上分(fen)為普通(tong)砂型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)(tie)(tie)和特重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)(tie)(tie)。普通(tong)砂型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)種(zhong)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)(tie)(tie)包(bao)括濕(shi)砂型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、干砂型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、化學硬化砂型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)三類(lei)。特種(zhong)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)(tie)(tie)按(an)造型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)材(cai)料的不同，又可分(fen)為兩大類(lei)：一(yi)類(lei)以   礦產(chan)砂石作(zuo)為主要造型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)材(cai)料，如熔模(mo)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)(tie)(tie)、殼型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)(tie)(tie)、負壓(ya)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)(tie)(tie)、泥型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)(tie)(tie)、實型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)(tie)(tie)、陶瓷型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)(tie)(tie)等；一(yi)類(lei)以金屬(shu)作(zuo)為主要鑄(zhu)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)材(cai)料，如金屬(shu)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)(tie)(tie)、離心(xin)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)(tie)(tie)、連續配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)(tie)(tie)、壓(ya)力(li)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)(tie)(tie)、低壓(ya)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)(tie)(tie)等。 重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)工業配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)(tie)(tie)工藝(yi)可分(fen)為三個基本部分(fen)，即配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)(tie)(tie)金屬(shu)準備、鑄(zhu)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)準備和鑄(zhu)件處理。

輕工業配重鐵(tie)分類沒(mei)有明確的界定，大(da)致也可以分為(wei)兩大(da)類。一類為(wei)板材(cai)(cai)加工成(cheng)型(xing)；一類為(wei)型(xing)材(cai)(cai)加工成(cheng)型(xing)。材(cai)(cai)料(liao)主要包(bao)括(kuo)各種板材(cai)(cai)、片(pian)材(cai)(cai)、圓(yuan)鐵(tie)、扁鐵(tie)、方鐵(tie)、其它型(xing)材(cai)(cai)等。

輕重(zhong)(zhong)工(gong)業配(pei)(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)(tie)可以用(yong)于不同(tong)的不同(tong)產品上(shang)(shang)面做(zuo)配(pei)(pei)(pei)件，充分起到(dao)了增加重(zhong)(zhong)量和保持平衡的作用(yong)。配(pei)(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)(tie)應用(yong)在(zai)(zai)大型機(ji)械設備(bei)上(shang)(shang)同(tong)時也廣泛應用(yong)于各(ge)個行業里(li)(li)，比(bi)如用(yong)在(zai)(zai)工(gong)程(cheng)機(ji)械中，例如挖掘機(ji)配(pei)(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)(tie)、叉(cha)車配(pei)(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)(tie)、裝載(zai)機(ji)配(pei)(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)(tie)、起重(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)配(pei)(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)(tie)；一(yi)般拉貨的拖拉機(ji)，貨物(wu)過沉，要在(zai)(zai)車頭或車尾放入配(pei)(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)(tie)來提高(gao)輪(lun)胎的摩擦力進而增加牽(qian)引力。我們日(ri)常使用(yong)的固(gu)定(ding)電話聽筒里(li)(li)也都(dou)普遍使用(yong)配(pei)(pei)(pei)重(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)(tie)來增加手感重(zhong)(zhong)量等(deng)等(deng)。